Generally, when you have been bitten by a dog or attacked by a domestic animal, you have a right to seek compensation for your injuries. Some states look at whether the dog had a history of violence, but most apply a theory of strict liability. In those states that apply strict liability you do not have to demonstrate that the dog had a prior history of violence, or that the dog’s owner knew or should have known the dog could be aggressive or violent. To recover compensation under a claim of strict liability, you only must show that the defendant owned the dog and that the dog bit you, causing you injury.
Some states have enacted what is referred to as the “one free bite” law. In those states, the first time your dog bites someone, you are not liable, unless you had other reasons to expect that your dog might bite someone. However, from that point forward, you are on notice of your dog’s inclination to bite, and you will likely be liable for any future attacks by your dog.
If your dog has already bitten someone, including you or a family member, you are on notice of the dog’s propensity to cause injury. Other situations, however, are not as clear cut:
Exceptions to the Rule
Even in states that have strict liability statutes governing dog bites, there are situations where you may be absolved of liability if your dog nips or attacks another person:
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